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Albania, or Ardhan in Parthian or Arran in Middle Persian as it was known in Persian, was a Caucasian satrapy〔(Gignoux. "Aneran". ''Encyclopaedia Iranica''. Text: ''The high priest Kirder, thirty years later, gave in his inscriptions a more explicit list of the provinces of Aneran, Georgia, Albania, and Balasagan, together with Syria and Asia Minor.'' )〕〔(Encyclopaedia Britannica ):''The list of provinces given in the inscription of Ka'be-ye Zardusht defines the extent of the empire under Shapur, in clockwise geographic enumeration: (1) Persis (Fars), (2) Parthia, (3) Susiana (Khuzestan), (4) Maishan (Mesene), (5) Asuristan (southern Mesopotamia), (6) Adiabene, (7) Arabistan (northern Mesopotamia), (8) Atropatene (Azerbaijan), (9) Iberia (Georgia), (10) Machelonia, (11) Albania (eastern Caucasus), (12) Balasagan up to the Caucasus Mountains and the Gate of Albania (also known as Gate of the Alans), (13) Patishkhwagar (all of the Elburz Mountains), (14) Media, (15) Hyrcania (Gorgan), (16) Margiana (Merv), (17) Aria, (19) Abarshahr, (18) Carmania (Kerman), (19) Sakastan (Sistan), (20) Turan, (21) Mokran (Makran), (22) Paratan (Paradene), (23) India (probably restricted to the Indus River delta area), (24) Kushanshahr, until as far as Peshawar and until Kashgar and (the borders of) Sogdiana and Tashkent, and (25), on the farther side of the sea, Mazun (Oman)''〕〔(Encyclopaedia Iranica )〕〔Wiesehofer, Josef. ''Ancient Persia''. published 1996, page 184 - Text: ''"And I (I ) possess the lands (Greek ethne ): Fars (), Pahlav (), Huzestan (), Meshan (Mesene ), Asorestan (), Nod-Ardakhshiragan (), Arbayestan (), Adurbadagan (), Virozan (), Segan (), Arran (), Balasagan up to the Caucasus and to the 'gate of the Alans' and all of Padishkwar() the entire Elburz chain = Tabaristan and Gelan (?), Mad (), Gurgan (), Marv (), Harey (), and all of Abarshahr (the upper (=eastern, Parthian) provinces ), Kerman (), Sakastan, Turgistan, Makuran, Pardan (), Hind () and Kushanshahr all the way to Pashkibur () and to the borders of Kashgaria, Sogdia and Chach () and of the sea-coast Mazonshahr ()."''〕 (province) of the Sassanid Empire. ==History== In 252-253 AD Caucasian Albania, along with Caucasian Iberia was conquered and annexed by the Sassanid Empire. Albania retained its monarchy, although the king had no real power and most civil, religious, and military authority lay with the Sassanid marzban (military governor) of the territory. In 297 the treaty of Nisibis stipulated the reestablishment of the Roman protectorate over Iberia, but Albania remained an integral part of the Sasanian Empire.〔 In the middle of the 4th century the king of Albania, Urnayr, arrived in Iravan Khanate (which is present day occupied by Armenians and renamed Erivan) and remained loyal to the Sassanids. After the partition of lands which Armenian minorities claimed theirs after living there for a short period of time between Byzantium and Persia (in 387 AD), Albania with Sassanid help was able to seize from Armenian separatists the entire right bank of the river Kura up to the river Araxes. The Sassanid king Yazdegerd II passed an edict requiring all the Christians in his empire to convert to Mazdaism, fearing that Christians might ally with Roman Empire, which had recently adopted Christianity. This led to rebellion of Albanians along with Iberians. However, the Albanian king Vache, a relative of Yazdegerd II, converted to the official religion of the Sassanian empire, but quickly reverted to Christianity. In the middle of the 5th century by the order of the Persian king Peroz I Vache built in Utik the city initially called Perozabad, and later Partaw and Barda, and made it the capital of Albania.〔(Movses Kalankatuatsi. History of Albania. Book 1, Chapter XV )〕 The seat of the Albanian Catholicos was also transferred to Partaw,〔(Movses Kalankatuatsi. History of Albania. Book 2, Chapter VI )〕 as well as the marzban.〔 After the death of Vache, Albania remained without a king for thirty years. The Sasanian Balash reestablished the Albanian monarchy by making Vachagan, son of Yazdegerd and brother of the previous king Vache, the king of Albania. By the end of the 5th century, the ancient ruling dynasty of Albania was replaced by princes of the Persian or Parthian Mihranid family, who claimed descent from the Sasanians. They assumed a Persian title of Arranshahs (i.e. shahs of Arran, Persian name of Albania).〔(Encyclopedia Iranica. C. E. Bosworth. Arran )〕 The ruling dynasty was named after its Persian founder Mihran, who was a distant relative of the Sasanians.〔(Moses Kalankatuatsi. History of country of Aluank. Chapter XVII. About the tribe of Mihran, hailing from the family of Khosrow the Sassanian, who became the ruler of the country of Aluank )〕 Mihranid dynasty survived under Muslim suzerainty until 821-2.〔The Cambridge history of Iran. 1991. ISBN 0-521-20093-8〕 In the late 6th – early 7th centuries AD the territory of Albania became an arena of wars between Sassanian Persia, Byzantium and Khazar kaganate, the latter two very often acting as allies. During the Third Perso-Turkic War, the Khazars invaded Albania, and their leader Ziebel declared himself lord of Albania, levying a tax on merchants and the fishermen of the Kura and Araxes rivers, which was "in accordance with the land survey of the kingdom of Persia". The Albanian kings retained their rule by paying tribute to the regional powers.〔''An Introduction to the History of the Turkic Peoples'' by Peter B. Golden. Otto Harrasowitz (1992), ISBN 3-447-03274-X (retrieved 8 June 2006), p. 385–386.〕 Albania was later conquered by the Arabs during the Islamic conquest of Persia. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Albania (satrapy)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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